![]() Its viscosity is similar to that of cold molasses while the material obtained from the fractional distillation of crude oil boiling at 525 ☌ (977 ☏) is sometimes referred to as "refined bitumen". Naturally occurring bitumen is sometimes specified by the term "crude bitumen". Colloquially, various forms of asphalt are sometimes referred to as " tar", as in the name of the La Brea Tar Pits. To help avoid confusion, the phrases "liquid asphalt", "asphalt binder", or "asphalt cement" are used in the U.S. For the manufactured material, which is a refined residue from the distillation process of selected crude oils, "bitumen" is the prevalent term in much of the world however, in American English, "asphalt" is more commonly used. Worldwide, geologists tend to favor the term "bitumen" for the naturally occurring material. In material sciences and engineering the terms "asphalt" and "bitumen" are often used interchangeably and refer both to natural and manufactured forms of the substance, although there is regional variation as to which term is most common. Its other main uses lie in bituminous waterproofing products, such as roofing felt and roof sealant. In this application bitumen is used to bind aggregate particles like gravel and forms a substance referred to as asphalt concrete, which is colloquially termed asphalt. ħ0% of annual bitumen production destined for road construction, its primary use. The largest natural deposit of bitumen in the world, estimated to contain 10 million tons, is the Pitch Lake of southwest Trinidad. The word derives from the ancient Greek ἄσφαλτος ásphaltos, which referred to natural bitumen or pitch. Prior to the 20th century the term asphaltum was in general use. Whether found in natural deposits or refined from petroleum, the substance is classed as a pitch. In the U.S., the material is commonly referred to as asphalt. ![]() Depending on its exact composition it can be a sticky, black liquid or an apparently solid mass that behaves as a liquid over very large time scales. Natural bitumen from the Dead Sea Refined bitumen The University of Queensland pitch drop experiment, demonstrating the viscosity of bitumenīitumen ( UK: / ˈ b ɪ tj ʊ m ɪ n/, US: / b ɪ ˈ tj uː m ə n, b aɪ-/) is an immensely viscous constituent of petroleum. Form of petroleum primarily used in road construction
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